Eurostat 2023 statistics show that most fatal work accidents in 2021 occurred while driving or on board transport, lifting or handling equipment (17.2%). The second largest proportion of fatal accidents were due to movement (16.1%). The transportation and warehousing industry ranks second in the number of non-fatal injuries. These statistics clearly show how high the risks are when working on loading docks and in logistics companies.
What are the causes?
According to a report by the Freight Transport Association in the UK, the main risks associated with loading docks are: different specifications of docks and vehicles, external drivers who are not familiar with new loading procedures, and a lack of direct communication between drivers and warehouse staff. There may also be loads that are difficult to handle or unexpected. These problems are particularly common in warehouses. However, they can be found in all areas where goods are handled, for example when delivering goods to shops or when handling freight in ports, airports or train stations.
Main dangers at loading docks
The following issues have been identified as key loading dock risks:
- Vehicles leave the loading dock too early
- Vehicles move forward at small intervals due to the vibrations during loading, which creates gaps between the vehicle and the loading ramp
- Rolling away the load
- Trailer tipping if the trailer is uncoupled and the weight is not evenly distributed
- Rainwater penetrating into the area around the loading ramp can create a risk of slipping
Lack of communication
The most common causes of accidents at loading docks include communication problems. The result could be, for example, that a driver leaves the loading ramp too early. This error is surprisingly common and can be extremely dangerous. Such situations can be avoided with the following simple measures:
Your obligations as an employer
Employers and building owners are obliged under the European Framework Directive for Safety and Health at Work (Directive 89/391/EEC) and various national regulations to provide a safe workplace in which all potential hazards are identified and controlled. Therefore, it is extremely important that employers and building owners carefully analyze all potential risks in loading areas and take appropriate precautions to prevent accidents.
In addition, employees must be informed about the risks in the workplace and about the necessary protective measures and correct behavior in regular occupational safety training.
Compliance with and effectiveness of occupational safety measures must be checked and evaluated regularly. In certain circumstances, the security measures may need to be improved, including training. If the general conditions change, the risks must be reassessed as part of a new risk analysis.
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